Inteligencia artificial en la enseñanza de las ciencias experimentales: herramientas, impactos y tendencias globales

Santiago Torres Barahona, Gabriela Campos Mera

Resumen


La inteligencia artificial (IA) transforma la enseñanza de ciencias experimentales en educación secundaria mediante la optimización de recursos, personalización del aprendizaje, evaluación estudiantil e integración de tecnologías como realidad virtual/aumentada. Este estudio realizó una revisión sistemática bajo el modelo de Newman y Gough y las directrices PRISMA, analizando la producción científica sobre IA en esta área. Se exploraron cinco preguntas: herramientas IA más usadas, objetivos, asignaturas, países con mayor investigación y resultados obtenidos. La búsqueda en Scopus, ERIC y WoS identificó 174 artículos, seleccionando 28 que cumplían criterios de inclusión. Los hallazgos destacan a ChatGPT como la herramienta más empleada, la Física como asignatura predominante y Estados Unidos como líder en investigaciones. Las herramientas IA se aplicaron con diversos fines pedagógicos, logrando resultados positivos en la mayoría de los casos, lo que evidencia su potencial para enriquecer y modernizar la enseñanza de las ciencias experimentales.


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Referencias


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.54988/cv.2026.2.1698

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